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Contents - Lessons & Practice

Science

College Physics 2e

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College Physics 2e

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College Physics 2e

34 lessons

One lesson for each chapter of College Physics 2e, in the book’s order. The lesson teaches what that chapter says you need to know, then checks it.

  1. 1Introduction: The Nature of Science and PhysicsThe four fundamental units we will use in this text are the meter (for length), the kilogram (for mass), the second (for time), and the ampere (for electric current).
  2. 2KinematicsIn symbols, displacement Δ x is defined to be Δ x = x f - x 0 , where x 0 is the initial position and x f is the final position.
  3. 3Two-Dimensional KinematicsThe graphical method of adding vectors A and B involves drawing vectors on a graph and adding them using the head-to-tail method.
  4. 4Dynamics: Force and Newton's Laws of MotionNewton’s first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or, if in motion, remains in motion at a constant velocity unless acted on by a net external force.
  5. 5Further Applications of Newton's Laws: Friction, Drag, and ElasticityThe magnitude of static friction f s between systems stationary relative to one another is given by f s ≤ μ s N , where μ s is the coefficient of static friction, which depends on both of the materials
  6. 6Uniform Circular Motion and GravitationThe units of angular velocity are radians per second (rad/s).
  7. 7Work, Energy, and Energy ResourcesThe net work W net is the work done by the net force acting on an object
  8. 8Linear Momentum and CollisionsNewton’s second law of motion in terms of momentum states that the net external force equals the change in momentum of a system divided by the time over which it changes
  9. 9Statics and TorqueThe second condition assures those torques are also balanced.
  10. 10Rotational Motion and Angular MomentumThe kinematics of rotational motion describes the relationships among rotation angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and time
  11. 11Fluid StaticsFluid statics is the physics of stationary fluids
  12. 12Fluid Dynamics and Its Biological and Medical ApplicationsFlow rate and velocity are related by Q = A v ¯ where A is the cross-sectional area of the flow and v ¯ is its average velocity
  13. 13Temperature, Kinetic Theory, and the Gas LawsAbsolute zero is the temperature at which there is no molecular motion
  14. 14Heat and Heat Transfer MethodsAny energy unit can be used for heat transfer, and the most common are kilocalorie (kcal) and joule (J)
  15. 15ThermodynamicsThe first law of thermodynamics is given as Δ E int = Q - W , where Δ E int is the change in internal energy of a system, Q is the net heat transfer (the sum of all heat transfer into and out of the system), and W is…
  16. 16Oscillatory Motion and WavesThe simplest type of oscillations and waves are related to systems that can be described by Hooke’s law: F = - kx , where F is the restoring force, x is the displacement from equilibrium or deformation, and k is the…
  17. 17Physics of HearingThe intensity of a sound wave is also related to the pressure amplitude Δ p I = ( Δ p ) 2 ρv w , where ρ is the density of the medium in which the sound wave travels and v w is the speed of sound in the medium
  18. 18Electric Charge and Electric FieldThe electric charge of one electron is equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to the charge of one proton
  19. 19Electric Potential and Electric FieldElectric potential is potential energy per unit charge
  20. 20Electric Current, Resistance, and Ohm's LawThe SI unit for current is the ampere (A), where 1 A = 1 C/s
  21. 21Circuits and DC InstrumentsThe voltage drop, or power dissipation, across each individual resistor in a series is different, and their combined total adds up to the power source input
  22. 22MagnetismThe atoms in ferromagnetic materials act like small magnets (due to currents within the atoms) and can be aligned, usually in millimeter-sized regions called domains
  23. 23Electromagnetic Induction, AC Circuits, and Electrical TechnologiesThe crucial quantity in induction is magnetic flux Φ , defined to be Φ = BA cos θ , where B is the magnetic field strength over an area A at an angle θ with the perpendicular to the area
  24. 24Electromagnetic WavesElectromagnetic waves consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields and propagate at the speed of light c .
  25. 25Geometric OpticsThe part of optics dealing with the ray aspect of light is called geometric optics
  26. 26Vision and Optical InstrumentsThe eye produces a real image on the retina by adjusting its focal length and power in a process called accommodation
  27. 27Wave OpticsAn accurate technique for determining how and where waves propagate is given by Huygens’s principle: Every point on a wavefront is a source of wavelets that spread out in the forward direction at the same speed as the…
  28. 28Special RelativityThe first postulate of special relativity is the idea that the laws of physics are the same and can be stated in their simplest form in all inertial frames of reference.
  29. 29Quantum PhysicsThe first indication that energy is sometimes quantized came from blackbody radiation, which is the emission of EM radiation by an object with an emissivity of 1
  30. 30Atomic PhysicsThe first direct observation of atoms was in Brownian motion
  31. 31Radioactivity and Nuclear PhysicsSome nuclei are radioactive—they spontaneously decay destroying some part of their mass and emitting energetic rays, a process called nuclear radioactivity
  32. 32Medical Applications of Nuclear PhysicsRadiopharmaceuticals are compounds that are used for medical imaging and therapeutics
  33. 33Particle PhysicsModern accelerators used in particle physics are either large synchrotrons or linear accelerators
  34. 34Frontiers of PhysicsThe earliest epochs are tied to the unification of forces, with the electroweak epoch being partially understood, the GUT epoch being speculative, and the TOE epoch being highly speculative since it involves an unknown…