The external structure of the abdomen has dual functions: to assist the body in movement and to protect internal organs. The layers consist of skin, muscle, fat, and fascia .

The abdomen is divided into four quadrants to provide a reference to the anatomic location of organs when signs and symptoms arise in the abdomen. Internal structures of the abdomen include vital organs and blood vessels that aid in digestion, metabolism, and overall body function

abdomen — the anterior region of a person’s trunk between the diaphragm and pelvis. bloating — a feeling of fullness and tightness in the abdomen. fascia — thin, fibrous connective tissue. rebound tenderness — the clinician maintains pressure over an area of tenderness and then withdraws the hand abruptly; if the patient winces with pain upon withdrawal of the hand, the test is positive.