During the last couple of decades, surgical advancements have been made exponentially to include robotic surgery, telesurgery, surgical uses of AI, Multi-Angle Rear-Viewing Endoscopic tooL (MARVEL), and 3-D printing. Expedited surgeries are when a patient is stable but requires early intervention for a condition.

Surgical procedures are classified as emergent, urgent, expedited (scheduled), and elective. Emergent surgeries are performed immediately to save a life, limb, or an organ.

telesurgery — remotely performing surgical procedures from a distance using robotic systems and telecommunication technology. 3-D printing — manufacturing process that creates three-dimensional (3-D) objects from digital files. patient — stable but requires early intervention for a condition. anesthesia provider — a physician (anesthesiologist) or advanced practice RN (certified RN anesthetist [CRNA]) who is specialized in administering anesthesia and managing perioperative care.