Digital media construct entirely new forms of sociality, including illicit shadow forms of impersonation and scamming such as sakawa Anthropologists studying news media focus on the construction of national public spheres of official ideology and political contest.

Anthropologists use long-term ethnographic fieldwork and holistic perspectives to study media genres such as photography, film, radio, television, and digital media. In visual anthropology, gaze theory is used to think about the relationship between viewers and the people depicted in photographs, particularly in terms of gender, power, and cultural identity.

media — tools for storing and sharing information. public sphere — a domain of social life in which people represent, learn about, and discuss the important issues of the day. sociality — participation in social relations; how people construct and maintain their personal and group relationships. visual anthropology — the use of visual media as a method of research or its study as a topic of research.