Malthusian, zero population growth, cornucopian theory, and demographic transition theories all help sociologists study demography. Scholars understand demography through various analyses.

The earth’s human population is growing quickly, especially in peripheral countries. Factors that impact population include birthrates, mortality rates, and migration, including immigration and emigration.

urbanization — the study of the social, political, and economic relationships of cities. zero population growth — a theoretical goal in which the number of people entering a population through birth or immigration is equal to the number of people leaving it via death or emigration. cornucopian theory — a theory that asserts human ingenuity will rise to the challenge of providing adequate resources for a growing population. mortality rate — a measure of the number of people in a population who die.