There are three tools for restricting the flow of trade: tariffs, import quotas, and nontariff barriers. When a country places limitations on imports from abroad, regardless of whether it uses tariffs, quotas, or nontariff barriers, it is said to be practicing protectionism.

Protectionism will raise the price of the protected good in the domestic market, which causes domestic consumers to pay more, but domestic producers to earn more In thinking about labor practices in low-income countries, it is useful to draw a line between what is unpleasant to think about and what is morally objectionable.

protectionism — government policies to reduce or block imports. line between what — unpleasant to think about and what is morally objectionable. nontariff barriers — ways a nation can draw up rules, regulations, inspections, and paperwork to make it more costly or difficult to import products. import quotas — numerical limits on the quantity of products that a country can import.