In quantum mechanics, the state of a physical system is represented by a wave function In Born’s interpretation, the square of the particle’s wave function represents the probability density of finding the particle around a specific location in space

The expectation value is the average value of a quantity that requires a wave function and an integration Wave functions must first be normalized before using them to make predictions

energy-time uncertainty principle — energy-time relation for uncertainties in the simultaneous measurements of the energy of a quantum state and of its lifetime. expectation value — average value of the physical quantity assuming a large number of particles with the same wave function. wave function — function that represents the quantum state of a particle (quantum system). probability density — square of the particle’s wave function.